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For the Central system, the brain is composed of three parts: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata. The difference between the central and peripheral system is that the peripheral system contains nerves and connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body, while the central nervous system is composed of the brain The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are like a computer. If you think of it, the brain is the central computer that controls your body and by doing that they send out messages, which are like the nerves. The message are sent on a network, or system which would be the spinal cord, between your brain and your body. Two main components of the PNS: 1. sensory (afferent) pathways that provide input from the body into the CNS. 2. motor (efferent) pathways that carry signals to muscles and glands (effectors).
Nervous System