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''Cunning, charming, and captivating, the Egyptian Cleopatra was horrifying, yet fascinating to many of Rome's citizens'' (Cleopatra & Egypt). She was brilliant, strong-willed, quick-wiitted, fluent in nine languages (Stefov), and a beautiful woman before her time(Nardo). She was born in 69 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt (Grochowski). Her father, King Ptolemy XII, died in 51 B.C. leaving Cleopatra and her brother, Ptolemy XIII, the kingdom of Alexandria (Grochowski). Cleopatra was eighteen years old and Ptolemy XIII was twelve she took full advantage of the age difference, and ruled alone for three years (Grochowski). Ptolemy's advsiors soon conspired against her, forcing her out of power and into exile in Syria with her younger sister, Arsinone IV (Grochowski). Not wanting to loose her thrown, Cleopatra began to create and army along Egypt's border (Grochowski), and she also found help from Arab tribes east of Pelisium (Stefov). This was happening around the same time Pompey was defeated by Caesar at Pharsalus.
Timeline of Cleopatra VII: - 69: Cleopatra is born -51: Death of Ptolemy XII, father -50: Cleopatra & Ptolemy XIII rule -49: Ptolemy XIII rules alone -48: Cleopatra is defeated -48: Caesar arrives in Egypt = war -47: Ptolemy XIII is killed -47: Cleopatra is sole ruler of Egypt -47: Caesarion is born -46: Ptolemy XVI is co-ruler -44: Caesar & Ptolemy XIV are killed -41: Cleopatra meets Marc Antony -39:Alexander Helius and Cleopatra Selene are born -30: Cleopatra & Antony commit suicide (Information: Lendering)
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Devising a plan to meet Julius Caesar to seek political alliance, Cleopatra wrapped herself in a rolled rug and was smuggled into Alexandira (Grochowski). That evening she seduced Caesar and became his lover (Grochowski). She then was able to returnto her throne regain power of Egypt, with Ptolemy XII dead (Stefov). Later siblings Ptolemy XXI and Arsinone IVwere at war with Cleopatra for Cyprus (Stefov). Looking for an alliance with Caesar, Ptolemy decapitated Pompey. Not pleased, Caesar sided with Cleopatra and she soons became pregnant with Caesarion (Heller). In 44 B.C. Caesar was stabbed in the Senate and Cleopatra fled to Egypt (Dunn).
Cleopatra soon meets Marc Antony (Grochowski). Antony was in triumvirate that was incontrol of the Roman Empire, other memebers were Octavian and Marcus Lepidus (Heller). Again, Cleopatra uses her charm and cunningness to integrate herself with this powerful man (Grochowski). Thier relationship soon became romantic, and Cleopatra birthed twins, Alexander Helius and Cleopatra Selene (Lendering). A Propaganda War was the beginning of a battle in Actium where Antony and Cleopatra were defeated (Heller). After the battle Antony and Cleopatra feld back to Egypt where they committed sucide (Heller).
Cleopatra VII
''To know her was to be touched with an irresistible charm. Her form, coupled with the persuasiveness of her conversation, and her delightful style of behaviour – all these produced a blend of magic. Her delightful manner of speaking was such as to win the heart. Her voice was like a lyre…” -Plutarch (Fantham)
Aside from being one of the lasts Queens in Egypt, Cleopatra was the author of the Chrysopeioa, or gold-making, decripting ''The all is one'' (Plant). The diagram illustrated the blending of magical and supernatural reverence with knowledge of specfic processes that marked ancient alchemy (Plant). Cleopatra was considered to be a great alchemist. Because of her fame and sucess, Cleopatra was imprinted on bronze coins and and marble busts were made of her (Fantham). Cleopatra's strong individuality made her unmistakeable and she was indeed important in shaping the course of Roman and Egypt history (Fanthom).
The Philopator
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