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Hydraulics
By Jack M
A hydraulic machine is a machine that uses liquid to transfer pressure from one point to another. Hydraulics are used on all sorts of things such as cars, elevators, planes, and lifts. Though hydraulics can be expensive, they can produce very high amounts of force compared to a much smaller initial effort force.
Bibliography
"Fluid Power Hydraulics/Pneumatics .RoyMech Index page." 2 Sep. 2008. 20 May 2009 . "Pascal's Principle and Hydraulics." NASA. 21 May 2009 . Brain, Marshall. "HowStuffWorks "A Hydraulic System"." Howstuffworks "Science Channel". 21 May 2009 .
How do hydraulics work?
To transfer a force from one point to another, hydraulics use an incompressible fluid. What applies the force on the fluid is called a piston. The reason that hydraulics work so well can be explained with pascal's principle. When a piston increases the pressure on one point of the contained fluid, because the fluid is incompressible, the pressure is distributed everywhere throughout the container that holds the fluid.
Hydraulics can also increase the amount of force they use by hydraulic multiplication. If the area of one piston is larger than the other, then the force applied to it is multiplied proportionally to how much larger it is to the smaller piston. If one piston is five times larger than the other, the force applied to that piston is five times greater because the force is being evenly distributed over the surface area of the piston (that is five times as large).
What is hydraulic multiplication?
When there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.
Pascal's Principle
Link
This car is using hydraulics to force different parts of the car and wheels up into the air.
Machines like this one are used on construction sites to move, lift, or break heavy/large things down.
