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Middle East Timeline ME
1914: Beginning of World War I. 2 Alliance were involved in the war. One alliance was composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and the Ottoman Empire. The other alliance was composed of Great Britain, France, Russia, and the United States. World War I started because of militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. 1915: Husayn-McMahon Correspondance-a pledge of support for an independent Arab state. 1916: Sykes-Picot Agreement-British and French agreement that stated if they won World War I, Arab territories in the Middle East would be divided between them. 1917: US enters World War I. Balfour Decleration-declared British supposrt for an independent Jewish homeland. Mandate System(1917-1947)-the allies of Great Britain won the war, which led to the Middle Eastern territories bewing administered by Great Britain and France. 1918: End of World War I. 1939: Beginning of World War II 1945: End of World War II 1947: End of Mandate System and the beginning of the UN Partition Plan. The UN Partition Plan was when Great Britain deemed the mandate ungovernable, they turned the land over to the new United Nations which was dedicated to prevent all world wars from ever happening. The UN split the land between the Jews and the Arabs but they did not accept the partition. 1948: Arab-Israeli War (Israeli War for Independence). Israel declared independence in 1947 and was immediately attacked by 5 Arab nations. Israel won the war and gained more land, which led many Arabs to leave their homes, becoming refugees. 1964: PLO (later known as Fatah)-Palestinian Liberty Organization was an organization that fought for an independent country using any means necessary. Led by Yassir Arafat until 2004 and is now led by Mahmoud Abbas. 1967: Six Day War fought between Israel and 5 Arab nations. Israel won and took additional land known as occupied territories, which were composed of Gaza, West Bank, Golan Heights, Sinai Peninsula, and East Jerusalem. After the war, Israel began to build settlements in the occupied territories in order to claim the land for Israel.
1973: Yom Kippur War-fought between Israel and 5 Arab nations. Israel won and gained more land. 1979: Camp David Accords-Isreal returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt in return for the recognition of Israel as a country. 1993: The Oslo Accords-allowed Palestinians and Israelis to work toward a two-state option
Israelis advancing on Golan Heights during Six Days War (1967)
Occupied territories taken by Israel during the Six Days War
