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The Jazz Age
Jazz came from an early music style called 'Ragtime'. Ragtime started up in Northern cities where a large poplation of black people lived. Scott Joplin published 'Maple Leap Rag' in 1897. It was more sophisticated than the ragtime of the day. Jazz and blues are both the decendants of Ragtime.
The music during the Jazz Age was generally upbeat and fast. Big bands usually played in 'speakeasies', which were secret clubs that illegally smuggled in alcohol. The style of jazz played in the speakeasies was called 'swing'.
Even though the Jazz Age ended with the onset of the Great Depression, jazz and its cousin blues continued to shape American music. Blues became more prominent because it was a way to express one's mishaps during the Depression. From blues came the genre of music that shaped the rest of the century: Rock n' Roll.
It Don't Mean a Thing (If You Ain't Got That Swing) By Duke Ellington
'Anthropology' by Dizzie Gillespie and Charlie Parker