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FAULTS
A fault is a plannar fracture of rocks in which the rock on one side fracture has moved with respect to the rock on the other side.
A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.
Faults which move along the direction of the dip plane are dip-slip faults and described as either normal or reverse (thrust), depending on their motion. Faults which move horizontally are known as strike-slip faults and are classified as either right-lateral or left-lateral. Faults which show both dip-slip and strike-slip motion are known as oblique-slip faults.
HOW DO WE KNOW FAULTS EXIST? 1. If the earthquake left surface evidence, such as surface ruptures or fault scarps (cliffs made by earthquakes) 2. If a large earthquake has broken the fault since we began instrumental recordings in 1932 3. if the fault produces small earthquakes that we can record with the denser seismographic network established in the 1970s
