american mobilization

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Over There - Rob Carriker

The Call to Service By the time the war was declared only 200,000 men served in the army. The administration had to introduce the Selective Service Act, requiring men between 21- 35 to serve in battle if chosen. On June 5, 1917, 10 million men registered for the draft. By the end of the war 24 million Americans registered to fight, although only 2.8 million were called to service.

AMERICAN MOBILIZATION

Selling the War In order to sell the war to the American people President Wilson created the Committee on Public Information. The Committee on Public Information (CPI) created millions of pieces of literature, pamphlets, articles, and books listing the causes and the meaning of the war. The CPI used the war to convince Americans it was a crusade for peace and freedom, and to unify the moral community.

Racism In the U.S. military, African Americans were segregated into separate units. Thousands of black soldiers were humiliated and on August of 1917, black soldiers who could not take any more torment, seized weapons and killed 17 white soldiers.

Battles German U-Boats were sinking Allied ships, which brought supplies to Britain. When the Americans entered the war, their warships decreased the number of Allied supply ships that were being destroyed. General John J. Pershing, the commander of the American Expeditionary Force, led his men in trench warfare and joined the French in pushing the Germans away from Paris in the Battle of Chateau- Thierry. The AEF conquered the southern part of a 200-mile front in the Meuse-Argonne offense. The war ended on November 11, 1918, with the Germans exhausted and badly outnumbered.

America’s Role in WWI The influx of American troops and supplies hastened the end of the war. More than half of the American troops who fought experienced fighting, but none of them had the true experience of trench warfare that had been going on for years. 50,000 Americans died in battle, 60,000 died from disease, and 200,000 were wounded in war. The numbers were high, but America suffered the leased of the casualties compared to European countries, with the highest of nine million for Russia.

Progressive Reform Opportunities for reform involving education, alcohol, and sex arose when the military noticed that 25% of recruits were illiterate. After the war, intelligence testing became a standard feature of America’s educational system.