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Disorders & Hemostasis
Hemostasis: The stoppage of bleeding or hemorrhage. Also, the stoppage of blood flow through a blood vessel or organ of the body
Cutting the wall of a blood vessel triggers a contration in the smooth muscle fibers of the vessel wall Local contraction of the vessel, which decrease the diameter of the vessel at the site of the injury is called the vascular spasm. Which can last about 30 minutes, a period called the vascular phase of hemostasis. During the vascular phase, changes occur in the endothelium of the vessel at the injury site. Endothelial cells then contract and expose the underlying basel lamina to the bloodstream. The endothelial cells next begin releasing chemical factors and local hormones.
attachment of platelets to sticky endothelial surfaces to the basal lamina and to exposed collagen fibers. Platelet adhesion is the the attachment of platelets to exposed surfaces. As more and more platelets arrive, they begin sticking to one another, this is called platelet aggregation, Platelet plug, platelets aggregation forms------that may close the break in the vessel wall if the damage is not severe or vessel small. Platelet aggregation begins within 15 second after an injury occurs, Once the platelet arrives to site they become more spherical and develop cytoplasmic processes that extend toward adjacent platelets. Once at site platelet release (ADP) which stimulates aggregation,
An embolism is a clot that travels from the site where it formed to another location in the body.
Fibrinolysis: keeps naturally occurring blood clots from growing and causing problems. For studying fibrinolytic unretracted fibrin clots as substrate, while others use well retracted clots,
Clot Retraction: the shrinking of a mass formed by the coagulation of blood, lymph, or other fluid. The retraction state of a clot substrate may influence the fibrinolytic activity of an enzyme.
Does not start until 30 second or more after the vessel has been damaged. Involves a complex sequence of steps leading to the conversion of ciculating fibrinogen into the insoluble protein fibin. fibrin.. A blood clot is form when passing blood cells and additional platelets are trapped in the fibrous tangle. The network of fibrin that forms the framework of a clot/ red blood cells trapped in the fibers add to the mass of the blood clot and give it a red color. Important clotting factor are Ca+ and 11 different proteins. Many proteins are proenzymes, which when converted to active enzymes, direct essential reactions n the clotting response. The 3 casade in coagulation phase, extrinsic, intrinsic, common pathway
Under a variety of conditions, both retraction and fibrinolysis are affected in a parallel manner
In some systems clot retraction is not readily distinguished from incomplete lysis.
A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a vessel and remains there.
Coumadin Aspirin Ticlopidine Heparin T-PA Coumadin
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
~ "Hemostasis Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions of Popular Medical Terms Easily Defined on MedTerms."MedicineNet.com. Ed. Terms of Use. 13 Jan. 2001. Web. 09 Apr. 2011. . ~ Weine, Murray. "Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis -- Weiner 9 (2): 182 -- Clinical Chemistry."Clinical Chemistry Online. 2 Nov. 1963. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. . ~ "The Free Dictionary." Ed. Dorland Elsevier, Inc. 10 Oct. 2007. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. . ~ "Primary or Secondary Fibrinolysis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia."National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. Ed. David C. Dugdale/ A.D.A.M., Inc. 28 Mar. 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. . ~ "Thrombus: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image."National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. Ed. Linda J. Vorvick/ A.D.A.M., Inc. 28 Mar. 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. . ~ Steriti, Ronald. "Natural Thrombosis Prevention."Natural Health Coach, Naturopathic Medical Doctor. 13 Oct. 2002. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. .
