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Chapter 12: DNA and RNA
By: Nicole Meckes
Section 12-3
Section 12-2
Section 12-1
A prokaryotic chromosome is located in the cytoplam while eukaryotes have numerous chromosomes in the nucleus.
During DNA replication, the DNA molecule separates into two strands and produces two new complementary strands.
Crick and Watson are credited with the discovery of DNA's structure. Its structure is known as a double helix in which its two strands are wound around one another.
Rosalind Franklin used x-ray diffraction to study DNA. This x-ray was the key in understanding the true structure of DNA.
Nucleotides make up DNA and they are made up of deoxyribose, a phophate, and one of four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine.
During transcription, part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA.
Translation is the process in which the cell uses information from messenger RNA to help in manufactoring proteins.
There are three main types of RNA. They include; messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA.
The genetic code displays the amino acid to which each of the possible codons correspond. There are 64 possible codons.
