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Orientation -Identification: England does not constitutionally exist, unlike the other parts of the United Kingdom. The English culture is based upon their interest in sports, heritage, emphasis on local community, and English poetry, litterature, and art. ~Location: The largest in land and population of any part of the U.K., off the northwest cost of Europe. On the West side is Whales, and the North is Scotland. ~Demography: Population of England is 51 million as of 2009. That is 81.5% of the population of the U.K. The population is mostly consits of people who livei in the urban or suburban areas. English population density is among the highest in the world, with an average of 840 people per square mile. ~Linguistic Affiliation: The English Language is what is spoken in English culture, a language from the 'Indo-European family.' While the written language is the same throughout England, their are dialectical variations in how English is spoken, specifiically in Lancashire, Cornwall, and parts of East London.
British Culture
Ecnomy ~Subsistence and Commercial Activities: England is grouped into four parts, economically. The north consists mostly of industrial workings. 35% of England's manufacturing labor force Half of the workers in the Midlands are involved in working in manufacturing industries, like the making of automobiles. In the southeast more than 60% of the labor force consists of service industries, like construction, and public administration. Also leading industries in the area are electrical equipment, machinery, paper, printing, and publishing. ~Industrial Arts: Half of Enland's work force consists of service industries, and a third of workers are in engeneering and manufacturing. The reast are in agriculture, energy, construction, and mining. ~Trade: The centeral market is one of three types of trade in England. This is a place where they sell everything from fish to clothing. There are also specialty shops like grcers, butchers, newstands, appliance stores, and sweet shops. Chain enterprises in fast food and groceries have develped and expanded since 1970. ~Division of Labor: In jobs like manufacturing, jobs are given according to skill. Bosses have authority over those in lower positions. Gender is becoming less and less important in the work place. ~Land Tenure: Land in England is privatley owned.
History and Cultural Relations ~England became part of the Roman Empire in A.D. 43, and there is still much Roman influence in England today. The Romans withdrew in A.D. 410, and many Jutes, Angles, and Sazons cames and gained control. The term English or Angelcynn, or angel kin, was applied to the inhabitants in the 5th century. The Magna Carta was signed in 1215, and this guaranteed rights of rule by law to the English. After England had gained Wales and a large part of France, the Tudor monarchy began which led to a flourishing English civilization. England became a major navel power under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I, and its colonies and trade expained. Scotland and Britain were united as one royal family under the rule of King James VI. Monarchy was temporarily put ouot from 1649 to 1688 . The UK became a world power in the eighteenth century, when it increased its colonial holdings and industrial power.
Kinship, Marriage, and Family ~Kinship: Extended family is highly emphasized. This includes all known relatives. The family name is typically traced patrilenially. Kin relationships are influenced by age, stage of life, distance, and closeness of relationship. The mother-daughter relationships is what dominates. Families are built around this. ~Marriage: Marriage is less important in the modern day because most people are putting more empasis on their careers and less on their marital status. Since the post-war era, Abortion has become legal and divorce is more acceptable. ~Domesti Unit: The nuclear family is what's commonly found in the average household. Inheritance: Inheritance traditionally goes through the male line. The eldest sone generally recieves the estate of an arisocratic family. ~Socialization: Three of the primary influences over socialization are Parents, peers, and media. Parents discipline, but corporal punishment is frowned upon. English children learn much from the evaluation of their peers. Tevelivsion, videos, music, advertising ,and other pop culture puts much bearing on a child's social behavior.
Sociopolitical Organization ~Social Oranization: English society puts emphasis on aristocracy, middle class, and the working class. Class is determined by economic affluence, occupation, and other indicatiors. ~Political Organization: The country is divided into municoalities, countries, and parliamentary constituenceies under the centeral government. ~Social ControlEnglish society uses the court system, tradition, pubclic opinion and mass medi to promote the conformity and unity amongst people and resolve conflicts within society. ~Conflict: There is no real conflict between England and any external group. There is some slight resentment towards Germany because of the two world wars, but not much. Intenally, there is conflict with Ireland. Recently, tension has developed between the white English, and the South Asians and Idnians. However, this has not resulted in violence or terrorism.
Religion and Expressive Culture ~Religious Beliefs and Practices: Half of Englnad's population is baptized in the Anglican church, but 10 million are comminicant members. There are 6 million Roman Catholics, and other belong to non-comformist free-churches. Religous tollerance is widespread. ~Arts: Englands literature, architecture, and theatre is distinctive and well known. Sheaksepare being one of the most well known and sucessful English writers. English architecture is a mix of other cultures, but have made each style into something that is uniquely their own.. English music is a leader in pop culture music around the world, with artists as well known as The Beatles, to indi bands that have still made it to america like The Unicorns. London is also the center of theatre for the English speaking world. ~Medicine: England has national health care for everyone. It provides qulaity care, but the system has gone under a private practices have increaced in popularity. ~Death and Afterlife: The afterlife is a bit of a mystery to the Anglican Church, but the Anglicans do beliee that indivuals are ''Recieved by God into his arms.'' which means the person passes into a timeless spaceless place with God. Funerals are held by priests or ministers, and occur a few days after the death.