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The bioclimate is the microclimate of a plant stand: temperature, precipitation, air movement, and levels of sunlight (Photosynthetically Active Radiation).
The Bioclimate and the Phytosphere in the Landscape
The phytosphere is the area immediately around a plant and is divided into the phyllosphere (around the leaves), the rhizosphere (the root-soil interface), and the endosphere (the plant tissue).
Plant Environment Systems, Olds College, Olds, AB Charissa Steel
Figure 4 (left): the exchange of nutrients and the subsequent build-up of bacterial aggregates on the leaf surface.
Figure 3: different types vegetation are represented by colour and identify different bioclimatic regions
Figure 2: each part of the phytosphere is involved in the exchange of gases and other environmental processes.
PHYTOSPHERE
BIOSPHERE
The phytosphere is home to many beneficial species of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. They help the plant take up nutrients and receive carbohydrates in return.
Understanding the bioclimate and phytosphere of a landscape allows us to make decisions that will benefit the environment of the site and of the planet. It may change the plants that we choose, where we put them, how we install them, and the way we take care of them.
IN YOUR LANDSCAPE
The bioclimate plays a dominant role in the vigour of the resident living organisms and is affected by: latitude, precipitation, topography, and the type and height of plant cover.
Figure 1 (left): the movement of light when it encounters surfaces such as earth, leaves, or buildings.
