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Griffith's Experiments
-mice injected with disease causing bacteria, died. -mice injected with harmless bacteria lived. -mice injected with heat-killed disease causing bacteria, lived. -mice injectedwith amixture of heat-killed disease causing bacteria, and live harmelss bacteria died. *conclusion* -transformation occured when the mix of heat-killed bacteria and live harmless bacteria were injected.
5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The bases are adenine, cytocine, guanine, and thymine.
DNA Molecule
Section 1 DNA
Section 2 Chromosome and DNA Replication
Eukaryotic chromosomes contain both DNA and protein, packed together to form a substance called chromatin. Chromatin ismade of DNA that is coiled around proteins called histones. DNA and histone molecules form a nucleosome. Nucleosomes pack with one another to form a thick fiber, which is shortened by a system of loops and coils.
During DNA replication, the DNA molecule separates into two strands, then produces two new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing. Each strand of the double helix of DNA serves as a template, or model, for the new strand.
Section 3 RNA and Protein Snythesis
There are three main differences between RNA and DNA: 1. The sugar in RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose. 2. RNA is generally single-stranded 3. RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.
TRANSCRIPTION: RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. RNA polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA
TRANSLATION: the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins
