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Slavery- the Peculiar Institution

Conditions for the Slaves Slaves were treated very poorly and had horrible living conditions. Africans were often treated like cattle during the crossing. On the slave ships, people were stuffed between decks in spaces too low for standing. The heat was often unbearable, and the air nearly unbreathable. Men were often chained in pairs, shackled wrist to wrist or ankle to ankle. People were crowded together, usually forced to lie on their backs with their heads between the legs of others. This meant they often had to lie in each other's feces, urine, and, in the case of dysentery, even blood. In such cramped quarters, diseases such as smallpox and yellow fever spread like wildfire. The diseased were sometimes thrown overboard to prevent wholesale epidemics. Because a small crew had to control so many, cruel measures such as iron muzzles and whippings were used to control slaves.

Triangular Trade Routes and the Midwest Passage The Triangular Trade and the Midwest Passage was how slaves got to America. Without this slavery would never have been in America. It was a rough journey. Slavery existed in the United States from the early 17th century until 1865. The Triangular Trade Routes brought Slaves to America. It starts in Europe where they make goods. Those goods are then brought to Africa and traded for slaves. Those slaves are shiped to the America's where crops are grown. Those crops are shiped back to Europe and manufactured. Those goods are then sent to Africa for slaves. Hense the triangle. After kidnapping potential slaves, merchants forced them to walk in slave caravans to the European coastal forts, sometimes as far as 1,000 miles. Shackled and underfed, only half the people survived these death marches. Those too sick or weary to keep up were often killed or left to die. Those who reached the coastal forts were put into underground dungeons where they would stay -- sometimes for as long as a year -- until they were boarded on ships.

Phillis Wheatley was the first published African American poet in the American colonies

This is an interesting video about how the middle passage worked.

Links Here is a website that tells about African Americans in the American Revolution. http://www.americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=23&entryid=676836&searchtext=slavery+in+the+american+colonies&type=simple&option=all This link tells about the changes that occurred in the American colonies in the 1600's. http://www.americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=27&entryid=263200&searchtext=slavery+in+the+american+colonies&type=simple&option=all

Quotes - (If I thought, had any idea, that I'd ever be a slave again, I'd take a gun and just end it all right away. Because you're nothing but a dog, not a thing but a dog.) - (No soap, no starch, Nobody to wash my clothes, Nobody to wash my clothes. And if he took a notion then he'd say; I'm going home, I'm going home. I'm going home.) -(. . . such were the horrors of my views and fears at the moment, that if ten thousand worlds had been my own, I would have freely parted with them all to have exchanged my condition with that of the meanest slave of my own country. When I looked around the ship and saw a large furnace of copper boiling, and a multitude of black people of every description chained together, every one of their countenances expressing dejection and sorrow, I no longer doubted my fate. Quite overpowered with horror and anguish, I fell motionless on the deck and fainted.) This is a primary source quote about the middle passage.

This is a picture of slaves working on a plantation, or huge farm. It also tells that slaves were the main form of labor in that time period

Frederick Douglass Quote My mother and I were separated when I was but an infant--before I knew her as my mother. It is a common custom, in the part of Maryland from which I ran away, to part children from their mothers at a very early age. Frequently, before the child has reached its twelfth month, its mother is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off, and the child is placed under the care of an old woman, too old for field labor. For what this separation is done, I do not know, unless it be to hinder the development of the child's affection toward its mother, and to blunt and destroy the natural affection of the mother for the child. This is the inevitable result.

Images

- http://hornbillunleashed.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/slaves_in_chains
- http://sdpb.org/EducationalServicesGuide/etvprograms/pdf/18thMaps/04%20Triangular%20Trade%20Routes
- 271401w
- plantation
- bgr_paper_004
- Vinyl-and-Toys-html-wall

Video

- Triangular Trade ~ British Transported at Least 3 Million Slaves

Comments:

usmstudent added this comment 2009-11-27 11:05:03-06:00

Common resources used : American History. ABC-CLIO, 2009. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. . American Slave Narratives - An Online Anthology. 1998. University of Virginia, Web. 27 Nov 2009. . Africans in America. 1998. WGBH Interactive for PBS Online, Web. 27 Nov 2009. . Garcia, Jesus. Creating America. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Print. Simkin, John. Slavery in the United States. 1997. Spartacus Educational, Web. 27 Nov 2009. . Slavery in America . 2004. Thirteen/WNET New York , Web. 27 Nov 2009. . Slavery and the Making of America. 2004. Thirteen/WNET New York, Web. 27 Nov 2009. .

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