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Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
Structure: 1) Non-enveloped. 2) RNA is the genetic material. 3) Capsid is an arrangement of 60 proteins in a tightly packed locasahedral structure. 4) Most common strains that cause HFMD are Coxackie A virus and Enterovirus 71. 5) Each protein consists of 4 polypeptides.
The most common victims of HFMD are infants and small children, yet very rarley, adults can get this virus too.
Symptoms can include: Fever, poor appetite, sore throat, malaise( after one day.) Painful sores in the mouth occur after one or two days of a fever. A non- itchy skin rash develops after 1-2 days, with flat or raised red spots, sometimes blisters, and is usually located on the feet, hands, buttocks, and genetillia.
A person with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease can only have mouth sores, or can only have the rash.
HFMD is spread through many ways. These include: - direct contact, the infectious virus is found in the nose and throat secretions, salica, blister fluid, and stool of infected persons. - Infected persons are most contagious during the first week of the illness. - Virus can remain in the body for weeks after the symptoms have gone away. - Some people who are infected, may show no symptoms at all (mostly adults).
Treatment and Prevention: -Good Hygiene practices. -Clean dirty surfaces and soiled items. - Avoid close contact - No vaccinations against this disease are available. - Individual symptoms may be eased with the use of medications. - Nuerologoical complications are rare, but can occur, such as the swelling of the brain.
Statistic - Individual cases and outbreaks of HFMD occur worldwide. In temperate climates, cases occur more often in the summer and early autumn. - Since 1997, the outbreaks cause by entrovirus 71 have been reported in Asia and Australia
