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Javan Rhino and Man -since mid 1800s range has been reduced -human settlements have forced the rhinos into remote areas -the population decline of the Javan Rhino is mainly due to poaching and legislation -they were plentiful in mid 1700s, but they caused extensive crop damage -the government gave rewards for killing a Javan Rhino -526 were killed in two years -today only 50 are left on the reserve in Java -about 10 to 15 are still in Vietnam
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Sizes -Height: 6 feet -Length: 11-12 feet -Weight: 3,500 lbs. -Length of Horn: 10-11 inches
Habitat and Habits -lives in dense rainforest -prefers low altitudes -there is evidence of Javan Rhinos living 3,000 ft above sea level -favors places with good water supply -likes to roll in wallow, which is a muddy pit -instead of digging its own wallow, it uses a pig wallow or natural pit -is a solitary animal -has loosely defined territory -can go several days without drinking -may travel great distances to find water -has bad eyesight -is alerted to danger by sense of hearing and smell
Food and Feeding -eats about 150 different plant species -prefers shoots, twigs, young foliage, and fallen fruit -area where it feeds is easy to spot because of uprooted saplings - to knock over a tree, the rhino leans against it with its shoulder - as tree gives way, the rhino pushes it down with its front legs -also feeds from bushes and low hanging branches -its upper lip is adapted to grasp food for this purpose
Habitat Major habitat type Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests Biogeographic realm Indo-Malayan Range States Indonesia, Vietnam Geographical Location Western Indonesia, Eastern Indochina Ecological Region Western Java Mountain Forests, Indochina Dry Forests
Javan Rhino Reproduction Gestation period: 16 months. Birth intervals per calf: 4 to 5 years. Female sexual maturity: at 3 to 4 years Male sexual maturity: at approximatly 6 years Newborn weaned: at 2 years
Vulnerable to just about any major impact Only two small populations of Javan rhino remain. This makes the species extremely vulnerable to extinction due to natural catastrophes, diseases, poaching, political disturbances, and genetic drift. The biology of the species is poorly understood, with techniques for accurately estimating their numbers not fully developed. Reduced genetic diversity The small size of Javan rhino populations, especially that in Cat Tien National Park where no more than 8 remain, is in itself a cause for concern. Low genetic diversity in these populations could lower their ability to survive natural disasters or diseases. As a result, natural catastrophes such as volcano eruptions or earthquakes, diseases, and genetic drift remain the main threats to the species. Habitat loss and degradation Another threat to the Javan rhino is the increased demand for land caused by rising human populations. Clearance of forests for agriculture and commercial logging are occurring in and around the two protected areas where these animals occur. Studies on habitat improvement to increase the rhinos' natural food supply are underway. In the coming years, WWF and its partners will look at the possibility of translocating rhinos from Ujung Kulon National Park in Indonesia to establish a new population in other suitable habitat, security permitting.
Javan Rhino Behaviour Javan Rhinos are very agile and quiet in their forest environment. Javan Rhinos are very solitary except for the females when they have a calf. But may congregate at mud-wallows or salt-licks. Javan Rhinos bulls have territories of 12-20 square kilometers in size. Females have smaller teritories (3-14 square kilometer) They are very weary for humans, a valuable survival trait, and are therefore hard to study.
Conservation In Indonesia, the Javan rhino has been legally protected since 1931, and Ujung Kulon National Park was set aside for the conservation of this species. The protected area in which the Vietnamese Javan rhinoceros occurs, (previously known as the Cat Loc Nature Reserve), was, for many years, ineffectively protected (6), but since the Cat Loc area was integrated into the Cat Tien National Park in 1998, more forest guards have been deployed, and the conservation organisation WWF has been supporting these teams with better equipment and allowances
Endangered species Classification The Javan Rhino is a critically endagered speacies. they have less then 50 mature individuals. It is the most endangered one of the all of the rhinos (even tho all of the rhinos are endangered).
uuiooygfg added this comment 2009-06-04 18:42:48-05:00
sweet!
uuiooygfg added this comment 2009-06-04 18:42:48-05:00
sweet!